Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S)

DHEA-S is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are located above the kidneys. It is a precursor to male and female sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen, primarily used to assess the function of the adrenal glands. High levels may indicate: -Adrenal tumors (e.g., adrenal cancer or benign adenomas) -Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a genetic disorder affecting hormone production -Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women, as elevated DHEA-S can contribute to hyperandrogenism (excess male hormones) In women, elevated DHEA-S can cause symptoms such as: Hirsutism (excessive hair growth) Acne Irregular menstrual cycles Virilization (development of male characteristics) In men, high levels may contribute to infertility or other hormonal imbalances. Low levels may suggest: -Adrenal insufficiency (e.g., Addison’s disease) -Hypopituitarism (reduced pituitary gland function) Assessment of Aging and Well-being: DHEA-S levels naturally decline with age. Some studies suggest that low levels may be associated with: -Fatigue -Reduced muscle mass -Decreased bone density -Mood changes